Henry II (5 March 1133 - 6 July 1189) ruled as King of England (1154-1189), Count of Anjou, Count of Maine, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Duke of Gascony, Count of Nantes, Lord of Ireland and, at various times, controlled parts of Wales, Scotland and western France. Henry, the great-grandson of William the Conqueror, was the first of the House of Plantagenet to rule England. Henry was the first to use the title "King of England" (as opposed to "King of the English"). Henry II was born in Le Mans, France, on 5 March 1133. His father, Geoffrey Plantagenet, Count of Anjou, son of Fulk of Jerusalem, was also Count of Maine. His mother, Empress Matilda, was a claimant to the English throne as the daughter of Henry I (reigned 1100-1135), son of William The Conqueror, Duke of Normandy. His own claim to the throne was strengthened by his descent from both the English Saxon kings and the kings of Scotland through his maternal grandmother Matilda of Scotland, whose father was Malcolm III of Scotland and whose mother was Margaret of Wessex (St. Margaret of Scotland), granddaughter of Edmund Ironside. Source: Wikipedia. Sources quoted in Wikipedia:Barber, Richard (2003). Henry Plantagenet. Boydell Press. p. 278. Thelma Anna Leese, Blood royal, 1996, p.189 Harvey, The Plantagenets, p, 40, 43,45, 48,49, 50, 51, 58 Weir, Alison, Eleanor of Aquitaine: A Life, pp.154–155, Ballantine Books, 1999 Farquhar, Michael (2001). Curtis, Edmund (2002). A History of Ireland from Earliest Times to 1922. New York: Routledge. pp. 38–39. Cantor, Norman F. (1994). The Civilization of the Middle Ages. Harper Perennial. pp. 397–398.
Simon Schama's A History of Britain, Episode 3, "Dynasty"British History Online Bishops of Durham.